EFFECT OF YASADA BHASMA ON ORAL SODIUM PHOSPHATE INDUCED NEPHROCALCINOSIS IN RATS

Abstract

Nephrocalcinosis is a condition characterized by calcium salt deposits in the kidneys which may affect it's ability to function. Nephrocalcinosis is caused by a number of conditions including: the excess excretion of calcium by the kidney, renal tubular acidosis, medullary sponge kidney, hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood), renal cortical necrosis, and tuberculosis. Nephrocalcinosis is relatively common in premature infants, partly from intrinsic kidney calcium losses and partly from enhanced calcium excretion when they are given diuretics. In the present study, nephrocalcinosis was induced in an animal model by administrating sodium phosphate (4100mg/kgbw) orally and the nephrotoxic rats were treated with Yasada Bhasma, a herbo mineral preparation at different doses. The levels of Alkaline Phosphatase, Acid Phosphatase and calcium were analysed in order to determine preventive effect of Yasada Bhasma. The kidney function was also assessed by determinig the serum levels of urea, uric acid and Creatinine. The histopathology of kidney was also carried out to support the nephroprotective effect of Yasada Bhasma. Impaired kidney function was observed in rats with sodium phosphate induced nephrocalcinosis followed by acute renal failure. The levels of blood urea, serum creatinine and phosphorous were increased significantly in sodium phosphate induced nephrocalcinosis. The oral administration of Yasada bhasma produced the most significant reduction in the levels of blood urea, serum creatinine and phosphorous. Acute kidney injury is an important risk factor for urolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in Oral Sodium Phosphate ingestion, and can coexist with hypercalciuria. A novel type of an ayurvedic drug (Yasada Bhasma) was produced which has high potentials for inhibition and prevention of nephrocalcinosis in Oral Sodium Phosphate treatment. Finally, studies in the mechanism of action of Yasada Bhasma and the product development as well as safety evaluation of the standard herbal extract are definitely required for future pharmacological applications of Yasada Bhasma as nephroprotective drug for Oral Sodium Phosphate induced nephritis.