CHRONOPHARMACOLOGY: A TOOL FOR THERAPY OF DISEASES

Abstract

Chronopharmacology is useful to solve problems of drug optimization, i.e. to enhance the desired efficiency or to reduce its undesired effects. In the human organism (among other animal species) the metabolic fate of a pharmacologic agent (as well as that of a nutrient) is not constant as a function of time. Thus, the Chronobiological approach of pharmacologic phenomena involves a lesser risk of errors and/or false information than the conventional homeostatic approach. Chronopharmacology is the study of the manner & extent to which the kinetics & dynamics of medication directly affected by endogenous biological rhythm & also how the dosing time of medications affects biological timekeeping & features ( period, level, amplitude & phase) of biological rhythms. Chronopharmacotherapy is the investigative science that elucidates the biological rhythm dependencies of medication. It is useful to solve problems of drug optimization i.e. to enhance the desired efficiency or to reduce its undesired effects. So Chronopharmacologic approaches involve a lesser risk of errors and or false information than the conventional homeostatic approach. The effectiveness & toxicity of many drugs vary depending on dosing time associated with 24 hours rhythm of biochemical , physiological & behavioural process under the control of circadian clock such chronopharmacological phenomenon are influenced by not only the pharmacokinetics but also pharmacodynamices of medication. Now a day Chronopharmacological principle is used in the therapy of various diseases such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary embolism, diabetes etc.