HEPATOTOXICITY V/S HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENTS – A PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW

Abstract

Liver is the principle organ for maintaining the body’s internal environment. Its major influence on the flow of nutrients, & control the metabolism of carbohydrate, proteins and fats. It is also the major reticulo- endothelial organ in the body as such has important immune function in maintaining body veracity. It plays a key role not only in metabolism and disposition of exogenous toxins or therapeutic agent, but also in the biochemical reaction. Many times liver is damaged due to overdose of drugs and alcohol consumption. Chemical driven liver damage is called hepatotoxicity. Chemical agents such as synthetic (CCl4, galactosamine, lithocholic acid and anti-tuberculosis drugs), natural (microcystins) and herbal remedies (Cascara sagrada) can also induce hepatotoxicity. Such damaged liver will lead to many pathological conditions like hepatitis, cholestasis, steatosis, granuloma etc. Hepatoprotection or antihepatotoxicity is the ability to prevent damage to the liver.