CORRELATION OF UTI AND FEVER IN 0-5 YEAR AGE CHILDREN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Fever is one of the most frequent causes of OPD visits among patients under the age of five. Comparatively speaking, other illnesses receive greater attention than urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are rarely mentioned as the cause of fever. Children are frequently empirically prescribed antibiotics without doing a thorough evaluation of UTIs. It's critical to diagnose UTIs in children with fever in order to reduce lifetime morbidity and give timely treatment.

Aim: The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infections among participants under the age of five, as well as the accuracy of urine analysis and culture in the diagnosis of UTIs.

Methods: This prospective clinical research evaluated 120 patients who were hospitalised for fever between the ages of two months and five years. Predisposing characteristics and demographics were recorded for each subject. For participants older than two years, clean midstream pee was collected; for subjects less than two years, urine samples were obtained using a bag. Urine cultures and analyses were performed on all participants, and ultrasonography was performed on those who tested positive for the culture.

Results: In this study, E. coli was seen in 42.85% (n=3) females and 40% (n=2) males, Proteus was seen in no female and 20% (n=1) culture-positive males, pseudomonas was seen in 28.57% (n=2) females and no males in culture growth, and Klebsiella was isolated in 28.57% (n=2) females and 40% (n=2) culture-positive males.

Concerning the antibiotic sensitivity in 12 culture-positive subjects, sensitivity to Cefoperazone, Amikacin, Cefotaxin, Nitrofurantoin, and Gentamycin was seen in the following research subjects: 8.33% (n=1), 16.66% (n=2), 33.33% (n=4), and 8.33% (n=1). In the culture-positive subjects of the current study, the ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly in two males, bilateral hydronephrosis with obstruction of the PUJ in one female, bilateral hydronephrosis with thickening of the bladder wall in one female, and cystitis in two females and one male.

In order to minimise long-term complications, sequelae, and morbidity, the current study concludes that subjects with pyuria exhibiting >5pus cells/HPF in the urine sample should be considered cases of significant pyuria and should be further evaluated for early initiation of the UTI management using antibiotic therapy.