A REVIEW ON FUTURE PROSPECT OF BCG VACCINE ON BENEFICIAL EFFECTS TO IMPROVE THE IMMUNE AND METABOLSM IN TREATING T1DM

Abstract

The purpose of this study is BCG vaccine can improve beneficial immune and metabolic effect on T1DM. The BCG vaccine originally developed for tuberculosis and found to be an extremely safe and lowers HbA1C levels after administering in specified doses in T1DM participates .T1DM is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks insulin producing Beta cells in the pancreas. This condition necessitates take insulin through injections or via a small tube inserted in the skin and attached to an insulin pump. BCG in T1DM acts by increasing the production of TNF which kills an auto reactive T cell that attacks pancreatic islets in case of T1DM. Besides this, in this article it is also shown that BCG decreases blood glucose levels by shifting process of glucose metabolism from oxidative Phosphorylation , the most common pathway by which cells convert glucose into energy, to aerobic glycolysis through which cells consume greater amount of glucose significantly .