ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUND FROM ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA L AND PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS L AND TESTING THE ANTI-VENOM ACTIVITY OF THE DI-HERBAL EXTRACT BY IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO STUDIES

Abstract

The mortality associated with snake bites is a serious medical, social and economic problem in many countries and about 35,000 to 50,000 people reportedly die of snakebites in India; hence in this study an attempt has been made to reduce the effect of snake venom of Indian Cobra Naja naja. Shade dried leaves of the Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus amarus was extracted with methanol solvents. The compound responsible for the anti venom property was isolated by solvent extractions and silica gel column chromatography. Spectral analysis was performed to determine the photochemical constituents in the plant leaf. The extract was purified to isolate the active compound and was tested for this anti venom activities through in vivo experiments with Swiss albino mice and in vitro experiment phospholipase activity. In vivo experiments carried out with Swiss albino mice was carried out to determine the LD50 potency and Edema forming activity. Methanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus amarus were tested for their activity on various pharmacological effects like lethality, phospholipase activity, edema forming activity, fibrinolytic activity and haemorrhagic activity of cobra and krait venoms. The aqueous extract displayed a significant inhibitory effect on the lethality, phospholipase activity, edema forming activity, fibrinolytic activity and haemorrhagic activity. About 0.16 mg and 0.19 mg of Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus amarus extracts were able to completely neutralize the lethal activity of 2 LD50 of cobra and Cobra venom respectively.