COMPARING THE EFFICACY OF PHENYTOIN, LEVETIRACETAM AND SODIUM VALPROATE IN PREVENTION OF POST-TRAUMATIC SEIZURES IN BRAIN INJURY

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury is said to be a variation of brain function or other corroboration of brain pathology, which are caused by the outward jolts, penetration or expeditious brain movements within the skull which results in mental state alteration. There is evidence that use of anti-epileptics as a prophylaxis have been found to be variable efficacy against post-traumatic seizures. In patients who are diagnosed with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) the efficacy of Phenytoin, Levetiracetam and Sodium valproate regarding the post-traumatic seizures were compared to appraise their effectiveness’s. Material and methods: Males and females of 17-80 years diagnosed with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury were included in our study. Results: There was a significant reduction in early and late post-traumatic seizures in patients treated with Phenytoin and Levetiracetam than those treated with Sodium valproate.Conclusion: From this study we concluded that the efficacy of Levetiracetam was relatively similar to Phenytoin in preventing early and late post-traumatic seizures, whereas Sodium valproate showed poor efficacy.