STUDY OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE AMONG GRAM-POSITIVE/NEGATIVE ORGANISMS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Abstract

Antibiotics are chemical substances derived from microorganism that destroys or inhibits the growth of other microorganisms and is used in the treatment of external or internal infections. The main objective is to identify and to analyze the resistant microbes to various antibacterial antibiotics in intensive care unit of tertiary care teaching hospital. It is an observational prospective study was conducted in 259 patients for a period of 6 months in various ICUs in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients who are at high risk of infection and prescribed with antibiotics were included and Patients admitted in Pediatrics, Neonatal and Oncology ICU’s were excluded. The collected data were analysed with IBM. SPSS statistics software 23.0 Version. To describe about the data descriptive statistics frequency analysis, percentage analysis were used. The study population comprised of 118 (45.55%) male patients and 141 (54.4%) female patients. E. coli was found to be predominant in the study. The most sensitive organism for various prescribed antibiotics in the study was Staphylococcus (71.43%) and most resistant was Proteus (45.83%). E. coli showed more resistant to Ampicillin (50.64%) and sensitivity to co-trimoxazole (48.05%). For Staphylococcus Amoxicillin showed more resistance (57.14%) and teicoplanin showed more sensitivity (85.71%). In case of higher end antibiotics Teicoplanin showed more sensitivity (85.71%) towards Staphylococcus whereas Imipenem showed resistance (39.13%) towards Acinectobacter. Majority of Gram negative shows more drug resistance. Therefore, treatment of common bacterial infections needed to be guided by culture based antibiotic susceptibility testing’s; individualisation of therapy and proper antimicrobial guidelines should be adopted to overcome resistance.