PREPARATION AND IN VITRO DRUG RELEASE OF SODIUM DICLOFENAC NANOPARTICLES USING MEDIUM CHAIN CHITOSAN AND TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE

Abstract

Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug for inflammation, analgesic and antipyretic. To obtain optimal therapeutic effects, diclofenac sodium has several drawbacks, e.g. high adverse effects, undergoes gastrointestinal degradation and first pass metabolism. The aims of this research were to investigate the characterization and the stability of chitosan-loaded sodium diclofenac in dissolution medium. Preparation of diclofenac sodium nanoparticle was to improve the delivery in the nanoparticles form in which medium chain chitosan as polymer and sodium tripolyphosphate as a cross-linker. The characterization of nanoparticle chitosan-loaded sodium diclofenac included morphology, distribution and particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and yield percentage respectively. The stability test was conducted in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) pH 1.2 ± 0.1 and artificial intestinal fluid (AIF) pH 7.0. The result of the research showed that preparation of chitosan-loaded sodium diclofenac nanoparticles can be made by an ionotropic gelation method using medium chain chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate as a cross-linker. The obtained nanoparticles size were in the range of 200-500 nm with spherical shape, zeta potential was + 4.66 mV, entrapment efficiency ranged from 95.616 to 97.056 % and the yield percentage ranged from 55.61 to 184.26 %. In vitro release tests showed that nanoparticles stability depends on pH and ionic strength of the medium used. Nanoparticle chitosan-loaded diclofenac sodium was stable in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) pH 1.2 ± 0.1 and artificial intestinal fluid (AIF) pH 7.0 respectively.