THE LEAVE EXTRACTS OF HEERA INSIGNIS (DEL) INHIBITS RESISTANCE BACTERIA, FUNGI AND MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS

Abstract

The hexane (HE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethylacetate (EA) and methanol (ME) extracts of the leaves of Heeria insignis. A plant with wide ethnomedicinal application in Northern Nigeria, was evaluated for anti-tuberculosis and antimicrobial activities against the following clinical isolates; Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter Sp,Staphylococcus aureus, Shigelladysenteriae, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), Streptococcus feacalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus rettgeris, Candida albicans, Candida Pseudotropicalis, Candida stellatoidea and mycobacterium bovis. The result of the zone of inhibition (ZI) of the test extracts on the microorganism ranges from 20 to 34 mm against all test organism with the exception of P.aeruginosa, S. feacalis and C. albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination reveals that a low concentration of 5mg/mL of EA and DCM inhibited the growth of all test organism with the exception of VRE which was inhibited at 10 mg/mL. These extracts also showed a bactericidal and fungicidal effect at 10 mg/mL. While the rest of the extracts showed MIC, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) ranging from 10 to 40 mg/mL. The anti-TB evaluation reveals that the DCM extract was the most active with MIC of 0.625 mg/mL.The result of this investigation clearly shows the potential of the plant in the search for anti-TB and antimicrobial agents from nature.