HISTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGE IN THE LIVER OF MALE ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH DIFFERENT DOSES OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide is a synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards widely used as an anticancer and immunosuppressive drug. This study was to investigate the effect of different doses of cyclophosphamide on histological structure and functions of liver enzyme. Use for this purpose 30 of the strain Sprague Dawley albino rats and divided into three groups, each group consisted of 10 rats; Group 1 (control) was injected with physiological solution (normal saline 0.9%), Group 2 (low dose) received 50mg/kg/b.w/weekly of drug and Group 3 (high dose) received 80mg/kg/b.w/weekly of the drug for 10 weeks. At the end of dosage, duration, the animals were killed, the liver was excised for histological study. The blood was collected for study liver enzyme functions. Histological examination of liver tissues of Cyclophosphamide groups showed histopathological changes that increased with the increased dose compared to control group such as macrophages and lymphocytes were an aggregation in portal area with necrotic hepatocytes. As well as odeoma around blood vessels with fibrosis. In addition, multiple aggregation of mononuclear cells scatters in the Liver parenchyma with necrotic hepatocytes and congested central vein. The results of biochemical tests showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the treated groups. The results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkalin phosphatase (ALP). The results of the present study indicated that high and low dose of Cyclophosphamide able to induce histological and biochemical change in the liver.